Moreover, disproportionate numbers of these young people (in juvenile facilities) have special needs. Federal data from 2010 show that 30 percent had learning disabilities, 45 percent had problems paying attention and 30 percent had experienced physical or sexual abuse. It should come as no surprise that most of the young people entering juvenile residential institutions are behind in reading and math.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/21/opinion/the-next-juvenile-justice-reform.html